This question asks if you had a refund on your 2023 Federal tax return which instead of claiming it back, has been left with the IRS as a credit for the 2024 tax year.
Please keep in mind that the exact line you have to check on your Federal tax return is Line 36 "Amount of line 34 you want applied to your 2023 estimated tax". If you do NOT have anything on Line 36, that means you have NOT left your refund to be applied toward your 2024 Federal refund. Do not check any other lines besides Line 36.
Info: Receiving a refund from your previous tax return or paying your tax liability on the last return you sent to the IRS should NOT be entered there.