A temporary visit is usually a short-term stay during your program with no intention of making the US your permanent home. Examples may include study, training, a work assignment, or a limited visit tied to a specific purpose. In such case, no specific steps have been taken to obtain a permanent residence status in the US (example: Green Card)
A permanent visit for state tax purposes generally means you are living in the US indefinitely or have taken steps that show you intend to remain there on an ongoing basis.
Common visa and immigration statuses
Your visa or immigration status can be an important factor, but it does not always determine your state tax residency by itself. Common examples include:
F-1 students: often treated as temporary visitors;
J-1 visitors: often considered temporary;
H-1B workers: may be temporary or may establish residency depending on if they have taken steps to establish a permanent residence in the State;
Green card holders: often treated as intending to live in the US permanently.
Info: State tax residency rules vary widely, and your immigration status alone may not answer the question. If you are unsure how your visit should be treated, Sprintax Returns recommends reviewing the specific rules for each state involved and keeping thorough records to support your tax filing position.